【思路分享】讲解GMAT逻辑最难假设题做法
- 2015年08月07日12:46 来源：小站整理
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GMAT逻辑推理，是GMAT逻辑题解题过程中要考察的重要能力。小编今天为大家介绍一下GMAT逻辑中Assumption题型的解题技巧，希望对大家备考GMAT逻辑考试有所帮助。
TN6-Q14：
Many people suffer an allergic reaction to certain sulfites, including those that are commonly added to wine as preservatives. However, since there are several wine makers who add sulfites to none of the wines they produce, people who would like to drink wine but are allergic to sulfites can drink wines produced by these wine makers without risking an allergic reaction to sulfites.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
照例还是先梳理题目条件：
(1)很多人对某种硫酸盐过敏，包括被广泛加入红酒作为防腐剂的一种硫酸盐
(2)但是有的厂商没有在他们制造的酒里面加硫酸盐
结论是：想喝酒但是又对硫酸盐过敏的酒友们可以购买上述厂商生产的红酒，这样就不用冒着过敏的危险偷偷喝酒了～
由本题来看，它的逻辑链相较于上一题比较完整，至少但看题目并没有很明显的缺失掉某一环，因此，这道题可以归入排除他因型。
本题的中心在于酒中的硫酸盐导致过敏，也就是说，这道题的前提是只要制造商不往酒里加硫酸盐，酒里面就不含有。因此，就不能出现以下的可能：酒里面本来就含有导致过敏的硫酸盐。
A. These wine makers have been able to duplicate the preservative effect produced by adding sulfites by means that do not involve adding any potentially allergenic substances to their wine.
本选项说的是上述厂商可以通过不加入任何的防腐物质来完美重现加入硫酸盐时的防腐效果(也就是：我啥防腐剂都不加，但是照样能保质!神马硫酸盐防腐剂都是浮云!)，算是个非常迷惑的选项，但是还是无法充分说明酒中本来就不含有硫酸盐。而且这个选项很明显属于转移焦点：题目的中心在于过不过敏，而不是防腐问题。
B. Not all forms of sulfite are equally likely to produce the allergic reactions.
本选项说不是所有的硫酸盐都一样的会导致过敏。题目里已经明确的说了加到酒里作为防腐剂的那一种是会导致过敏的，也就是说，本选项跟酒里含不含过敏硫酸盐会不会导致人家过敏根本就是木有任何关系，不该偷喝酒的人还是不能偷喝。
C. Wine is the only beverage to which sulfites are commonly added.
本选项说酒是唯一一种广泛加入硫酸盐来防腐的饮品，也就是说，喝酒会过敏的人就乖乖喝其他饮料吧!但是很可惜，这个选项还是无法证明酒里面只要不人工加硫酸盐就一定没有硫酸盐，因而属于题干补充资料，还是无关的那一种。
D. Apart from sulfites, there are no substances commonly present in wine that give rise to an allergic reaction.
本选项说除了硫酸盐就没有哪种酒里常见的物质会引起过敏的，还是不能说明酒里面没有天然含有的硫酸盐，因而同上一个选项，属于无关的题目补充资料。这个选项跟A一样比较具有迷惑性，大家看到的时候需要小心。
E. Sulfites are not naturally present in the wines produced by these wine makers in amounts large enough to produce an allergic reaction in someone who drinks these wines.
正解。本选项说上述厂商制造的酒里没有自然存在的硫酸盐，就算自然存在也没有多到可以引起过敏的地步，也就是说，只要不加，里面就没有。另外将这个选项取非的话，就是上述厂商制造的酒里面有自然存在的硫酸盐，还是多到可以引起过敏的程度，会削弱题目的结论。
练习：
TN7-Q40:
Agricultural societies cannot exist without staple crops. Several food plants, such as kola and okra, are known to have been domesticated in western Africa, but they are all supplemental, not staple, foods. All the recorded staple crops grown in western Africa were introduced from elsewhere, beginning, at some unknown date, with rice and yams. Therefore, discovering when rice and yams were introduced into western Africa would establish the earliest date at which agricultural societies could have arisen there.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. People in western Africa did not develop staple crops that they stopped cultivating once rice and yams were introduced.
B. There are no plants native to western Africa that, if domesticated, could serve as staple food crops.
C. Rice and yams were grown as staple crops by the earliest agricultural societies outside of western Africa.
D. Kola and okra are better suited to growing conditions in western Africa than domesticated rice and yams are.
E. Kola and okra were domesticated in western Africa before rice and yams were introduced there.
TN16-Q38:
Because it was long thought that few people would watch lengthy televised political messages, most televised political advertisements, like commercial advertisements, took the form of short messages. Last year, however, one candidate produced a half-hour-long advertisement. During the half hour the advertisement was aired, a substantial portion of the viewing public tuned into the advertisement. Clearly, then, many more people are interested in watching lengthy televised political messages than was previously thought.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. The candidate’s ratings improved significantly as a result of the half-hour-long political advertisement.
B. Political advertisements have become increasingly influential in determining voters’ decisions at the polls.
C. Many people would appreciate the opportunity to become better acquainted with political candidates’ views on current political issues.
D. Most people who are interested in political issues watch television regularly.
E. Most of the viewers who tuned in to the candidate’s half-hour-long advertisement last year did not change channels after the first few minutes.
以上就是小编为大家总结的2015年GMAT逻辑解题技巧之Assumption题型的相关内容，希望对大家有所帮助，最后预祝大家在GMAT考试中取得优异的成绩!
TIPS：GMAT逻辑解题方法之分析原文
GMAT逻辑题的解题关键在对于对题目原文的理解和分析，一切逻辑推断和解答都必须建立在了解原文的基础之上。而分析原文的关键则在于结论，因此具体做法是：
1. 原文有结论：分清前提，反前提，附加前提，中间结论和总结论，特别是推出结论的直接前提。在脑中形成因为(直接前提)所以(结论)推理结构。注意结论的特殊性和具体性。
2. 原文没结论的：主要有三类must be true/cannot be true/resolve the descrepancy。对前两类，有共同结合点的，将其结合起来，看能推出什麽。如果没有结合点，记住信息。对于第三类，记住矛盾。
