2018GMAT语法改错SC高频考点实例讲解 同位语从句4种引导方式逐一盘点

2018年07月13日13:49 来源：小站整理

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同位语是GMAT语法中出现频率较高的考点之一，一道题目五个选项中，常会出现好几个选项都有同位语且使用不同引导词的情况，此时就需要考生具备区分这些同位语引导词的能力。想要做到这一点，考生需要对这个知识点有全面的认识理解，下面小编将为大家逐一盘点。

GMAT语法大百科语法点：同位语的用法说明

一、同位语从句的引导词

引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等。

1. 由that引导

We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。

【注意1】 在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。 如：

They were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished. 他们面对废除这个税的要求。

【注意2】 引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。 如：

He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。

2. 由whether引导

There is some doubt whether he will come. 他是否会来还不一定。

【注意】 whether 可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。

3. 由连接代词引导

Have you any idea what time it starts? 你知道什么时候开始吗?

4. 由连接副词引导

I have no idea when he will come back. 我不知道他什么时候回来。

GMAT同位语用法实例讲解

In terms of physics, the characteristic feature of the roller coaster is that the cars' potential energy, gained through their being lifted by a chain drive through the Earth's gravity to the top of the first drop, has been converted to kinetic energy by the time the ride ends.

(A) cars' potential energy, gained through their being lifted by a chain drive

(B) cars' potential energy, a gain achieved as they are lifted by a chain drive

(C) potential energy from the cars' being lifted by a chain drive

(D) potential energy of the cars, gained as a chain drive lifts them

(E) potential energy gained by the cars, being achieved while a chain drive lifts them

选项分析：

这边是用as引导一个同位语从句，所以as后面应该是个句子，而不是后跟分词

所以排除AC，但是B用了lift的被动形式，错误

选项E的话 being achieved 错误， gained、 achieved意思重复

所以正确答案是D