GMAT综合推理4大题型真题解析 一题一例手把手教你搞定IR
- 2015年05月01日01:41 来源：小站教育
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GMAT综合推理怎么复习?对于这个问题，哪怕是许多已经考完GMAT的考生，也会不知道怎样去具体回答。实际上，目前有相当多数量的考生，因为缺乏复习资源和备考方法，都存在着GMAT总分700以上，但IR只有2-3分的尴尬情况。GMAT综合推理四大题型应该怎样做好?下面小编就一题一例手把手教大家搞定IR。
综合推理4大题型真题1对1讲解
综合推理部分的考试时间为30分钟，题目数量为12道，题型为以下四种：
1. 图表解读
要求申请人对图形或图像进行说明，并通过选择相应选项来回答相关陈述是否正确。
The table displays data on Brazilian agricultural products in 2009.
For each of the following statements, select Yes if the statement can be shown to be true based on the information in the table. Otherwise select No.
| Yes | No | |
|---|---|---|
| No individual country produces more than one-fourth of the world's sugar. | ||
| If Brazil produces less than 20% of the world's supply of any commodity listed in the table, Brazil is not the world's top exporter of that commodity. | ||
|
Of the commodities in the table for which Brazil ranks first in world exports, Brazil produces more than 20% of the world's supply. |
这道题的解答本身并不困难，大家首先需要理解题目中各个栏目的数据所代表的含义，然后根据每道题目需要的数据进行解答。
2. 二段式分析
解题包括两个部分，可选答案将以列表形式展现，每部分各一栏。
In Country X, a ballroom is classified as Category C if it has a ceiling of at least 10 meters. In the graph, each of the 22 Category C ballrooms is represented by two points arranged vertically: one representing the comparison of the height of the ballroom's ceiling to the number of tiles in the ballroom area (black circles), the other representing the comparison of the height of the ballroom's ceiling to the mean length per tile in the ballroom area (red squares).
Based on the given information, use the drop-down menus to most accurately complete the following statements about Category C ballrooms in Country X.
A) The ballroom with the greatest mean length per ballroom tile has a ceiling height select...(between 10-12/between 12-14/between 14-16/of 16+meters.)
B) There is a select...(strong positive/negligible/strong negative) correlation between the number of ballroom tiles and the mean length per ballroom tile.
本质上仍然是根据题目提供的表格和文字描述来解题，于图表题的区别在于考生既要解读图表数据，又要同时理解分析文字部分的描述。题目选项以下拉框的形式出现供大家选择。这类题目的解答要点在于结合图表和文字，考生需要把两个部分的信息来源汇总到一起才能找到正确答案。
3. 表格分析
向申请人提供一份类似电子表格的分类信息表，申请人必须对该表进行分析，以便根据所提供的信息来确定表述是否正确。
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the average prices of goods and services purchased by consumers. In the United States, the CPI-U calculates the CPI for all urban consumers.
The CPI-U is calculated based on prices of food, clothing, shelter, fuels, transportation fares, charges for doctors and dentists' services, drugs, and other goods and services that people buy for day-to-day living. All taxes directly associated with the purchase and use of items (such as, in the United States, sales taxes) are included in the index. An increase in CPI-U by a certain fractional amount means an increase by that fractional amount in overall prices within the relevant category.
For analyzing general price trends in the economy, seasonally adjusted prices are usually preferred over unadjusted prices because adjusting eliminates the effect of changes that normally occur at the same time and in about the same magnitude every year—such as price movements resulting from climatic conditions, production cycles, model changeovers, and holidays.
For each of the following, select Yes if the statement is inferable from the given information. Otherwise select No.
Percent Changes in CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), US City Average
| Yes | No | |
|---|---|---|
| The changes in seasonally adjusted prices for used cars and trucks between March 2010 and September 2010 were in most cases less in magnitude than the changes in seasonally adjusted prices of new vehicles for the same period. | ||
| The seasonally adjusted CPI-U for all items was higher in March 2010 than in the previous month. | ||
|
The seasonally unadjusted change in the price of new vehicles in August 2010 over the previous month was about the same as the seasonally unadjusted change in the price of food away from home over the same period. |
与二段式分析题最大的区别在于，虽然获得的信息途径基本相同(表格+文字)，但最后解题需要的却是判断而非选择，这就要求考生对于特定数据的具体位置做出精确定位，看到问题后第一时间返回题目中找到对应部分才能顺利解答。对于此类题目，小编的建议是具体数据不用细看，但要了解每个数据的所在位置，方便准确返回寻找答案。
4. 多源推理
标签页下给出两至三个信息来源后会提出问题。申请人通过点击标签页并审读所有相关信息(可能会集文本、图表为一体)来回答问题。
CBO
We at CBO produce original programming for TV shows, mini-series, and movies. We sell contracts to television conglomerate networks for the exclusive right to broadcast our programming and sell them via DVDs. For this right, the television networks pay CBO substantial fees that help finance CBO expenses and fund future CBO programming projects.
For members of the media, we provide kits complete with information on the actors / actresses in our shows, story plots, list of reviews, video clips and images. Now, however, some internet companies, through user generated content have not just a collection of video clips and digital photographs of our media programming throughout their site, but also full length versions of our movies and TV shows. Some of these users pirate our content and make it available for free via online video streaming just hours after initial release - this directly affects our DVD sales. Conditions must be placed on these practices, which go beyond basic media exposure; they harm the value of our contracts with television conglomerate networks and violate our rights as owners of the entertainment content. Video-based internet companies that wish to post such content on their websites should therefore sign contracts with the programming company that stipulate what content will be allowed and how much it will cost. As we have in the past, we will legally pursue internet video-based companies and push to have them shut down.
On Video
The entertainment media business is quickly shifting from offline (theaters, TV, DVDs) to on-demand online streaming, where viewers expect media content to be available at their fingertips and available to everyone - a democratic notion. The internet is a democracy and users exercise their Bill of Rights through freedom of expression and open access for the information they share online. This includes links that are shared online that help users find sources for entertainment content that may or may not be illegally hosted on other web servers. The nature of sharing these links is constitutionally protected. To place unnecessary conditions on what links can and cannot be shared is to deny the average user his right to freedom of expression and right to a fair democracy.
Much of the video content online is original and it is difficult to pinpoint which ones have content that legally belongs to the programming companies - as unlike text, the video content is not easily searchable and identifiable. Further, a website is not liable for the nature of the links shared on its site - the legal nature of where the links on its site point to is out of that website's control. Online video sites are not asking for programming content to be available in their entirety freely across the web. Online video sites recognize that pirated versions of programming content can translate into poor experiences for viewers and devalue the content. But on the contrary -- free, on-demand video content of quality programming has, for the most part, generated mroe interest in many programs, its actors and actresses, artists and entertainers, and thus benefits internet users and programming companies alike. Making videos, in any time frame, accessible on the internet for the average internet user is a moral constitutional imperative and we must not forgo this great service that online video websites have created.Which of the following can most reasonably be inferred to be a view held by the online video websites?
A. Online consumers have the right to reproduce programming content that has been posted on online video websites.
B. Online consumers' basic freedom rights will effectively be violated if they are prohibited from uploading and sharing videos.
C. Online video sites have the exclusive right to stream original programming content online.
D. People are less likely to tune into the original programming (whether on TV or other media) if they have access to the recorded version online at any time.
E. CBO should restrict how its original programming can be disseminated.
比起数学题更类似阅读逻辑题，需要考生完整读完文章信息后进行判断。难点在于阅读本身，考生需要具备一定的阅读速度和快速分析能力才能做好此类题目。
实用IR复习教材推荐
除了了解各自题型的解题方法和思路外，考生也需要配合一些实用的IR复习教材才能做好备考工作。综合推理IR的复习资源比起其它科目来说数量明显少了许多，其中真正有研读价值的更是不多。小编推荐大家以官方指南OG为基础，OG中的IR50题有很高的价值，可以说是入门必备的经典教材。如果对英文原版的解析看不太懂，网上也能找到中文版本的解析汇总。看完OG后，MANHATTAN/MAGOOSH这两大教学机构出品的IR分册大家也可以拿来作为进一步提高难度加深印象的强化练习，这两套教材在题目难度上与真实考试更加接近，帮助大家巩固基础再好不过。最后是考前必看的GMAT真题机经，由于GMATIR部分的题目并没有采用GMAT语文数学部分的CAT机制，因此题目数量比较固定，真题价值极高，大家务必不能错过。
IR 计算器中各字母代表的意思
综合推理部分有官方自带的计算器供大家使用，不过相信很多考生并不太熟悉在电脑上使用计算器的感觉，对于上面一些字母代表的功能可能也不太了解，下面就为大家做简单介绍。
MC：清除独立内存里的数字
MR：读出独立内存数字 (Read M中的)
MS：将显示数字保存到独立内存，并取代内存中原有数字 (Save M中的)
M+：将显示数字向独立内存累加
(独立内存是一个临时寄放数字的存储器，方便计算)
CE：纠错键(CLEAR ERROR)。输入数字有错，按它可以重新输入
CA：全部清除
BS：逐个清除
总而言之，GMAT综合推理虽然目前分数重要度并不算太高，但以后伴随着旧GMAT成绩的逐渐失效必然会变得越来越重要，考生们对于IR部分还是应该端正学习态度，认真复习，努力取得皮配得上其他部分的高分，完美通过GMAT考试。
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