最新GMAT北美真题摆事实讲道理如何巧妙规避2类语法题常见错误

2016年06月07日18:33 来源：小站教育作者：orangejojo: 参与（3）阅读（5402）

摘要：GMAT语法Sentence Correction中的时态(Tense)问题是一大考点，围绕着时态经常会出现一些难题和干扰选项。小站教育特邀GMAT讲师结合2016年最新回忆GMAT北美真题为大家解析语法中关于时态的高频出题考点，并梳理汇总2类最常见错误，帮助考生节约复习时间。

时态一直是GMAT语法中出镜率最高的考点之一。围绕时态也常会出现难度较高的题目。而如何做好时态类SC题目，考生首先需要对其中的高频出题点和常见错误有所了解。下面小编就结合实例为大家做详细介绍。GMAT语法常见出题点分析

GMAT语法中时态考点价值分析

GMAT语法中，关于时态的考点主要涉及两个部分，一个是时态一致性，即整句话各个部分的时态是否能够保持合理，使用的动词和其他提示时间的词汇在时态上是否搭配等等。另外一个考点就是过去完成时，具体来说，过去完成时是否有必要使用，作为过去的过去和其他时态在时间上是否存在混淆和错乱，都是考生在GMAT语法中最为常见的考点。2016年6月最新完整真题

时态考点是大热门，这也体现其得分价值上，一般来说，一场GMAT考试中，在语文VERBAL部分三大题型总计41道题目中，语法题的数量一般在15-19道左右，其中涉及到时态考点的语法题至少会占据5题以上的数量，还有更多题目虽然不是主考时态，但在选项中却也经常会出现涉及时态的错误选项。因此，其价值不可谓不高。

GMAT语法时态考点具体讲解

1. 时态多余性

例句：Richard Nixon was elected US President in 1968, but as the incumbent Vice President he had run in 1960 and had been defeated by John F. Kennedy.

时态多余性，也就是使用过去完成时是否有必要，是比较常见的考点。以上文例句为例，这句话中，表明整句时间关系的地方有两处，一个是后半句的过去完成时，另一个则是1968和1960两个时间提示词。在这种情况下，其实过去完成时的存在就显得有些多余了，因为其功能跟时间词重复，整句也因此显得比较累赘。这道题的正确选项其实是：

Richard Nixon was elected US President in 1968, but as the incumbent Vice President he ran in 1960 and was defeated by John F. Kennedy.

2. 虚拟语气

例句：If I had known beforehand about the full cost of the program, I never would have joined.

虚拟语气是另一类GMAT语法时态题中常见的考点，特别是虚拟语气的倒桩，涉及到完成时态中had的使用，往往会让考生摸不着头脑。举例来说，上面这句例句，单纯从语法正确性的角度来说其实没有任何问题，但没有使用倒桩却使其显得有些平庸无趣。如果在5个选项中另外还有一个使用了倒桩结构的选项，那么这个选项即使语法没错，也会被认为是错误的选项，大家可以对比一下下面这句：

Had I known beforehand about the full cost of the program, I never would have joined.

2016最新GMAT北美真题语法时态题实例讲解

接下来，小编为大家带来四道2016年最新的GMAT北美语法真题，都跟时态考点有关，大家可以尝试一下。

1. James Joyce wrote the novel Ulysses through the teens and published it in 1922, although in 1906, when he was finishing the short story collection Dubliners, he had considered the addition of another story about the canvasser Bloom, who was Jewish and who later was the title Ulysses character.

(A) he had considered the addition of another story about the canvasser Bloom, who was Jewish and who later was the title Ulysses character.

(B) he had been considering that he add an additional extra story, the Jewish canvasser Bloom, and to later make him the Ulysses‘ title character.

(C) considering the inclusion of the story of Bloom, the Jewish canvasser who would become the Ulyssestitle character later

(D) he considered including another story about the Jewish canvasser Bloom, who later would be the title character of the Ulysses

(E) he considered adding the Jewish canvasser Bloom’s story, and Bloom later would have become theUlysses title character

解析：A语法没错，但读上去不太通顺，同时，title Ulysses character在语序上很有问题，非常不自然，因此错误。

B问题严重。进行时considering毫无必要，之后以that引导的从句更是莫名其妙。最大的问题在于that he add...and to later make这个错误的平行结构。另外，分裂不定式(在to和动词间插入副词)在GMAT语法中向来被认为是错误用法。

C是比较常见的缺动词错误。although引导的从句应该有一个完整的主语和动词，这里缺少了动词，所以从语法上来说错误严重。

D是正确选项。

E选项the Jewish canvasser Bloom's story在顺序结构上略有瑕疵，之后假设语气扭曲了句子原意，所以错误。

2. Long before Thomas Edison made a long-lasting and commercially viable incandescent lightbulb, the British chemist Sir Humphry Davy in 1802 created the first prototype of the lightbulb, that was too bright and burned out too quickly.

(A) in 1802 created the first prototype of the lightbulb, that was

(B) made the first prototype in 1802, but it was

(D) had created the 1802 prototype, the first one, which had been

(E) in 1802 had made the first prototype, but this would be

解析：A没有重大错误，但很多地方读起来不太理想。限制性修饰语用that不太妥当。同时lightbulb没有必要重复使用。

B为正确选项。

C过去完成时的使用累赘没有必要。因为long before和1802本身已经能够体现出时间先后顺序，另外最后的虚拟语气也有问题。

D同样存在过去完成时累赘问题。另外the 1802 prototype, the first one这样的语序也很糟糕而且不明确，所以错误。

E过去完成时累赘。同时虚拟语气用得不妥当。

3. In 1871, Charles Darwin published The Descent of Man, and before that, Gregor Mendel already had discovered the principles of genetics, using his famous pea plant experiments, and ultimately they would explain and justify Darwin’s conclusions.

(A) In 1871, Charles Darwin published The Descent of Man, and before that, Gregor Mendel already had discovered the principles of genetics, using his famous pea plant experiments, and ultimately they would explain and justify Darwin’s conclusions

(B) By the time Charles Darwin published The Descent of Man in 1871, Gregor Mendel already had discovered, during his famous pea plant experiments, the genetic principles that ultimately would explain and justify Darwin’s conclusions

(C) Gregor Mendel already discovered the principles of genetics during his famous pea plant experiments, and although later Charles Darwin published The Descent of Man in 1871, these principles ultimately would explain and justify the conclusions of Darwin.

(D) With Charles Darwin publishing The Descent of Man in 1871, Gregor Mendel discovered already before this the principles of genetics during his famous pea plant experiments, principles that ultimately would explain and justify the conclusions of Darwin

(E) Before Charles Darwin publishing The Descent of Man in 1871, already Gregor Mendel had conducted the famous pea plants experiments and had discovered the principles of genetics, but these principles ultimately would explain and justify Darwin’s conclusions

解析：A选项before that和过去完成时使用上显得累赘，代词they存在指代模糊不清的问题。所以错误。

B正确使用了过去完成时表明了句子时间上的先后顺序。是正确选项。

C语法上没有错误，但句子本身存在不当之处。第一个从句的already和后面的动词没有很好地联系起来。同时，由although带出的逻辑关系反而让整个句子出现了逻辑不清的情况。

D错误使用了with伴随状语的的结构，把两个时间前后不同的句子强行联系在了一起，实际上两者之间并不存在伴随关系。另外，already before this的句子顺序问题非常不通顺，存在严重问题。

E开头从句有明显的缺少动词的问题，而分词并不能当成完整动词。另外but的出现导致了逻辑上的问题，所以错误。

4. Had the quantitative skills of Boustrophedon’s CEO been on par with his extraordinary intuition in negotiations, he would not have needed such a brilliant expert in finance as his CFO.

(A) Had the quantitative skills of Boustrophedon’s CEO been on par with his extraordinary intuition in negotiations

(B) If the Boustrophedon’s CEO’s quantitative skills equaled his extraordinary negotiation intuition

(C) In the case that the quantitative skills of Boustrophedon’s CEO were comparable to his extraordinary skill of using intuition in negotiations

(D) If Boustrophedon’s CEO’s skills for quantitative material were on par to his extraordinary intuition in negotiations

(E) If the quantitative skills of Boustrophedon’s CEO were a comparable ability for his extraordinary intuition in negotiations

解析：A正确使用了虚拟语气并且倒桩也没错，无论语法还是语序上都毫无瑕疵，因此正确。

B问题较多。首先the Boustrophedon's CEO's quantitative skills和his extraordinary negotiation intuition语序上都有严重的不通顺问题，堆积在一起只会让句子显得即不美观又难以阅读。其次，equal这个词意思太过，on par with指两者势均力敌，而equal代表着两者完全相同可以互换，这显然与句意不符，整个改变了原意，所以错误。

C语法正确，但是语句顺序上存在严重的堆砌不通顺问题。整句话显得啰嗦又累赘，所以错误。

D双重所有格Boustrophedon's CEO's skills的用法在GMAT考试中向来不受待见，正确选项里很少见到。另外，on par to这个用法是错误的，正确搭配只有on par with。

Ewere a comparable ability for这个用法直接用来做比较是错误的，for后面不能接第二个比较对象。

以上就是小编为大家带的GMAT语法时态类错误的解析和真题分享，希望大家能够学好时态相关知识，把握好这个热门考点，在GMAT语法SC部分提高正确率，做好语法难题。

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