GMAT语法题,又称句子改错题(sentence correction),是整个GMAT考试中对考生英语语法能力考查要求最高的题型,也往往是中国学生最为头疼的一类题目。没有扎实的语法基础和一定的逻辑分析能力,想要做好语法题难度极高。怎样做好GMAT语法题?下面小编就通过一些经典真题的实例解析,为大家全面讲解GMAT语法题的解题思路和方法技巧。
实例题目:
A pioneer journalist, Nellie Bly’s exploits included circling the globe faster than Jules Verne’s fictional Phileas Fogg.
(A) A pioneer journalist, Nellie Bly’s exploits included
(B) The exploits of Nellie Bly, a pioneer journalist, included
(C) Nellie Bly was a pioneer journalist including in her exploits the
(D) Included in the pioneer journalist Nellie Bly’s exploits are
(E) The pioneer journalist’s exploits of Nellie Bly included
选项分析:
(A)A pioneer journalist, Nellie Bly's exploits included
【错误】 修饰成分:“A pioneer journalist”错误地成为了,“Nellie Bly's exploits”的修饰语(同位语),而其本意上应该修饰“Nellie Bly”,但本选项“Nellie Bly's”是名词所有格,本身并不是名词性结构,因此不能用同位语修饰。
(B)The exploits of Nellie Bly, a pioneer journalist, included
【正确】 “a pioneer journalist”正确地作同位语就近修饰了“Nellie Bly”,“of Nellie Bly”修饰了“The exploits”,“The exploits”的谓语动词是“included”。
【大意】 Nellie Bly,一个先锋记者的探险包括了比Jules Verne's fictional Phileas Fogg更快地环游地球。
(C)Nellie Bly was a pioneer journalist including in her exploits the
【错误】 句子意思:(B)的大意是“Nellie Bly,一个先锋记者,其探险包括环游地球”,句意重心在于“包括环游地球”,而本选项大意为“Nellie Bly是一个把环游地球包括在探险中的先锋记者”句意重心在于“是一个先锋记者”,而“including in her exploits……”本质上都是非谓语动词做“journalist”的定语。因此表意逊于(B)。不仅如此,动名词短语“circling the globe”前面不应加“the”,否则应变成“the circling of the globe”才能将动名词“circling”转化为专有名词。
(D)Included in the pioneer journalist Nellie Bly's exploits are
【错误】 主谓一致: “Included in the pioneer journalist Nellie Bly's exploits”不是名词性结构,不可能作为一句话的主语,本选项的谓语动词是“are”,而主语是“circling the globe”,属于倒装句,主谓不一致。
(E)The pioneer journalist's exploits of Nellie Bly included
【错误】 句子意思:“The pioneer journalist's exploits of Nellie Bly”中“The pioneer journalist's”是“先锋记者的”,而“of Nellie Bly”是“Nellie Bly”,那么“exploits”究竟是谁的?“pioneer journalist”和“Nellie Bly”之间什么关系?这些在本选项均无法体现。
解题思路:
(A)的“a pioneer journalist”无法修饰“Nellie Bly's exploits”,立即排除。
识别出(D)中的倒装句后,根据主谓一致原则立即排除。
剩余三个选项均无明显语法错误,其中(B)表意最准确合理,因此选择(B)。