GMAT考试独立结构形式介绍
I. 名词(或主格结构)+动词的非谓语动词形式
例句：Here are the first two volumes, the third one to come out next week. The plan having been made, what is important is to put it into practice. The duty completed, he had three months’ leave.
II. 名词(或主格代词)+形容词
例句：He entered the room, his nose red with cold. She looked at him expectantly, her eyes full of excitement and curiosity.
III. 名词(或主格代词)+介词短语
例句：I stood at his left, my finger on the button, waiting for the order. The teacher entered the classroom, chalk in one hand, (a) textbook in the other.
IV. 名词(或主格代词)+副词
例句：Class over, all the students went out from the classroom. He put on his socks, wrong side out.
V. 名词(或主格代词)+名词
例句：His first shot failed, he fired again. She sat alone in the room, her only company a dying fire.
注意：GMAT攻略提示以上独立结构都可以看成是带being的分词复合结构的省略形式。加入being就变成了分词的复合结构。如：Here are the first two volumes, the third one (being) to come out next week. He entered the room, his nose (being) red with cold. I stood at his left, my finger (being) on the button, waiting for the order.
VI. 介词with或without引导的独立结构。这种独立结构的一般构成为：with/without+名/代词+(分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语)。
例句：With the old man leading, the two started towards the mountains. She felt nervous, with all eyes fixed on her. Never sleep with the window open in the winter. With John away, we’ve got more room. With five minutes to go before the last train left, we arrived at the station. His wife came down the stairs, with her two-year-old son in her arms.
VII. “There being +名词” 结构
例句：There being no money left, we have to change our plan. There being no spare parts, the equipment could not be repaired at once.
了解以上内容，相信将有助于大家更好的解决GMAT语法考试中关于独立主格结构的问题。
TIPS：什么是独立主格结构？
所谓独立主格结构，一般是指带有自己逻辑主语的结构。其表现特征和判断方式通常为独立主格前加不加with或without其含义不变。在GMAT考试的语法部分中，语法题常常出现在语文一开始的部分，其中就包含有很多独立主格结构相关的题目。
